UJR 2017, vol XXV, # 1
THE CONTENTS
2017, vol XXV, #1, page 5
S. A. KHARUZHYK, E. A. ZHAVRID
N. N. Alexandrov National Cancer Center of Belarus, a/g Lesnoy, Minsk region, Belarus
OPTIMIZATION OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE TOMOGRAPHIC CRITERIA OF BONE MARROW INVOLVEMENT IN LYMPHOMAS
Purpose. To study the frequency of various parts of skeleton involvement and characteristics of the signal intensity on the standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences in patients with lymphoma in order to optimize criteria of bone marrow (BM) involvement diagnosis.
Materials and methods. The study enrolled 110 patients with lymphoma who underwent the whole body MRI and BM biopsy before treatment.
Outcomes. Most commonly the BM of the spine (67 %), pelvis (58 %), proximal humeral and femoral metadiaphyses (58 %) and epiphyses (36 %) was involved. Focal BM involvement was typical for Hodgkin lymphoma, while diffuse involvement occurred in more than half of non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases. BM involvement signal on T1-weighted images (T1-WI) was equal to surrounding muscles in 67 % of cases, above muscles — in 28 %, below muscles — in 5 % of cases only. A new symptom of focal lesions at the proximal humeral and femoral epiphyses was suggested. The application of it has increased the sensitivity of MRI diagnosis of BM involvement from 72 % to 83 %.
Conclusions. Lymphomas are mainly characterized by spine and pelvis BM involvement. Affected BM signal on T1-WI is higher than the signal of the surrounding muscles in more than a quarter of cases. In patients with insufficient or diffuse homogeneous decrease of the spine and pelvis signal on T1-WI, detection of the symptom of focal lesions at the epiphyses confirms BM involvement.
Keywords: lymphoma, magnetic resonance imaging, bone marrow.
2017, vol XXV, #1, page 13
N. V. KRASNOSELSKY, E. N. KRUTKO, O. V. MOVCHAN, S. N. GRAMATYUK
SI Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology of NAMS of Ukraine
DETERMINATION OF PREDICTIVE-PROGNOSTIC BIOMARKERS OF IMBALANCE BETWEEN ENERGY AND PLASTIC POTENTIALS IN BLOOD CELLS OF PATIENTS WITH ONCOPATHOLOGY
An important and dynamically regulated metabolic pathway is glycolysis, an ancient chemical route of carbohydrate utilization that produces ATP, NADH and intermediate metabolites for the synthesis of nucleotides, fatty acids and amino acids. The inhibition of triosephosphate isomerase in glycolysis by the pyruvate kinase substrate phosphoenolpyruvate results in a newly discovered feedback loop that counters oxidative stress in cancer and actively respiring cells.
Reduced activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (p ≤ 0.005), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, which characterizes the intensity of glycolytic cleavage of glucose, was, on the contrary, increased (p ≤ 0.01).
In other words, we can assume the possible presence of imbalance between energy and plastic potentials in red blood cells of cancer patients and to use these indicators as biomarkers of the disease.
Keywords: lung and gastrointestinal tract cancer, biological markers, comprehensive treatment.
2017, vol XXV, #1, page 18
V. KARVARSARSKAYA, N. MITRYAEVA, N. BELOZOR, L. GREBENIK, V. STARENKYI
SI Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology of NAMS of Ukraine
PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF GROWTH FACTOR EXPRESSION OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM IN RADIATION THERAPY OF LUNG CANCER
The purpose of the study is to determine prognostic significance of VEGF serum factor in patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in order to estimate the effectiveness of radiation therapy.
Materials and methods. The study enrolled 61 patients with NSCLC aged from 40 to 80 years who underwent treatment at SI Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology of National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine.
The patients were examined and provided with a course of conformal radiation therapy on the linear accelerator Clinac 600C within the scope of consecutive chemoradiotherapy. The control group included 20 apparently healthy people. The general clinical, morphological and x-ray examination of all patients was carried out. VEGF content in blood serum was assessed by means of enzyme immunoassay using standard Vector-Best (Russia) before and after radiotherapy.
Outcomes. In order to make an assessment of prognostic significance of VEGF, as a potent stimulator of angiogenesis of tumors, the changes of its level in blood serum of patients with NSCLC depending on objective response to radiation therapy, were analyzed. The response was used to estimate a direct effect of the treatment in one month and to identify changes of VEGF level depending on the overall and recurrence-free survival of patients with NSCLC.
The sensitivity of NSCLC to radiation therapy is associated with the expression VEGF level. It has been established that, in the process of the treatment, VEGF level correlates with objective response to radiation therapy NSCLC, which confirms the prognostic value of angiogenic factor activator. VEGF over-expression was revealed to be a poor prognostic factor for time values before progression and overall survival in patients with NSCLC during radiation treatment.
Conclusions. Dynamic changes of VEGF indicators in blood serum in patients with NSCLC in the course of radiation therapy on the background of the analysis of objective response to treatment can be defined as additional prognostic criteria for treatment efficiency assessment.
The overexpression of VEGF, as a determining factor in assessing aggressiveness of tumor, is a prognostic factor for detection efficiency of radiotherapy, time prior to progression and survival of patients with NSCLC.
Keywords: radiotherapy, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiogenesis, non-small-cell lung cancer.
2017, vol XXV, #1, page 23
O. YU. HARMATINA, O. P. ROBAK, V. V. MOROZ
SI A.P. Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
ALTERATIONS OF BRAIN PERFUSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY VALUES IN PATIENTS WITH STENOSIS/OCCLUSION OF INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY
Purpose. To estimate perfusion changes of the brain tissue and to identify the most sensitive indicator of the perfusion multislice computed tomography (PMSCT) in chronic cerebral ischemia caused by the internal carotid artery (ICA) steno-occlusive pathology.
Materials and methods. The findings of PMSCT values in 38 patients with ICA stenosis (> 50 %) in the preoperative period from 2014 to 2016 were studied.
Outcomes. It is shown that hemispheric differences of perfusion parameters on the side of the ICA stenosis/occlusion are changed as follows: CBV, MTT and TTP are increased, CBF is decreased. The most pronounced and statistically significant changes were observed in the MCA and ACA territories (P < 0.05).
Conclusions. The most sensitive indicators of PMSCT in ICA stenosis/occlusion were MTT and CBF, which can be used as predictors of early changes of cerebral hemodynamics in patients with chronic ischemia.
Keywords: neuroimaging, perfusion computed tomography, stenosis/occlusion of internal carotid artery.
2017, vol XXV, #1, page 28
A. E. GORBAN, L. I. ZAKRUTKO, S. M. BORODAІ, L. G. BILAN, L. M. NOVGORODSKA
Ukrainian Center of Scientific Medical Information and Patent License Work of Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv
ANALYSIS OF INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS SCOPE IN ONCOLOGY AND MEDICAL RADIOLOGY FIELDS IN HEALTH CARE OF UKRAINE WITHIN 2014–2015
Purpose. Analysis of innovative solutions scope in Oncology and Medical Radiology fields in healthcare of Ukraine within 2014–2016.
Materials and methods. The fixed assets of innovative providing were analyzed in the field of health protection of Ukraine within the period 2014–2015: informative letters, methodological recommendations, scientific reports, Registers of scientific forums. The method of expert evaluations, the statistical methods, the method of system analysis, the method of structural and logical analysis were applied.
Outcomes. The estimation of providing innovative solutions was presented in Oncology and Medical Radiology within the period 2014–2015. Thematic distribution of the fixed assets of scientific communication was carried out. The level of studies presented in scientific reports as innovative developments was assessed. The quantitative and structural analysis of scientific forums was conducted.
Conclusions. The scope of innovative solutions in Oncology and Medical Radiology concerned with healthcare in Ukraine within the period 2014–2015 can be considered as sufficient in the field of treatment of malignant growths. Development of new methods of prediction and prophylaxis of malignant new formations and new suggestions dealing with improvement of organization of healthcare provided for patients with oncologic pathology claims greater attention of scientific establishments.
Keywords: innovative providing, scientific communication means, innovation, oncology, medical radiology.
2017, vol XXV, #1, page 32
V. V. KARVASARSKAYA, V. P. STARENKYI, N. V. BILOZOR, T. P. GRISCHENKO
SI «Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kharkiv
COMPARISON OF COMBINATION TREATMENT AND RADIOTHERAPY OF SINGLE BRAIN METASTASES IN NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER
Abstract. In order to make an assessment of outcomes of combination treatment of single brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer in comparison with radiation therapy, the study enrolled 44 patients. All patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 — patients receiving only external beam radiotherapy by means of Clinac 600C unit; Group 2 — patients undergoing surgical treatment within the scope of osteoplastic craniotomy, removal of intracerebral mass followed by external beam radiation therapy by means of Clinac 600C unit.
The study has made it possible to establish that combination treatment of single metastatic brain lesions is more efficient in comparison with external beam radiotherapy according to one-year survival rate (47 % in Group 1, 65 % in Group 2), overall survival (9 months in Group 1,15 months in Group 2). Acceptability of the treatment in both groups was satisfactory as well as external beam radiotherapy did not result in severe radiation reactions and involvement of the nervous system. Both groups showed improvement of life quality in the form of reduced neurological deficit.
Keywords: metastatic brain lesion, non-small cell lung cancer, conformal radiotherapy.
2017, vol XXV, #1, page 37
N. E. UZLENKOVA, N. G. SKOROBOGATOVA, I. J. MAGDA, I. A. LEONOVA, E. V. NENYUKOVA, E. L. MASLENNIKOVA
SI «Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kharkiv
EFFICIENCY OF S-HETERYLMODIFIED CYSTEAMINE IN AT ACuTE RADIATION SYNDROME IN RATS
Аbstract. Purpose. To carry out an experimental study of radioprotective efficiency of the S- (6-ethoxy-2-methylquinolin-4-yl)-cysteamine in modeling of acute radiation syndrome in rats.
Materials and methods. The experiments were carried out on sexually mature white female rats, which were exposed to 6MV CLINAC linear accelerator irradiation at absorbed dose of 8.2 Gy. The test compound was administered at a dose of 150 mg/kg 15 to 30 minutes before irradiation.
Outcomes. The radioprotective effect resulted in reduction of lethality, prevention of radiation-induced apoptosis, preservation of the total number of myelocaryocytes and colony-forming mesenchymal stromal cells of the bone marrow and reduction of radiation cytopenia.
Conclusions. The high radioprotective efficiency of the S-(6-ethoxy-2-methylquinolin-4-yl)-cysteamine in protection of the hemopoietic system in acute radiation syndrome was established.
Keywords: S-heterylmodified cysteamine, acute radiation syndrome, radioprotective activity.
2017, vol XXV, #1, page 45
N. V. КRАSNОSЕLSKIY, YE. M.KRUTKO, S. O. PYLYPENKO
SI «Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kharkiv
RESPIRATORY-HAEMODYNAMIC REACTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH LuNG CANCER COMPLICATED BY ATELECTASIS
The article contains published research materials confirming paradoxical respiratory-haemodynamic reactions in patients with lung atelectasis. The physiopathology mechanisms of these reactions were estimated by means of non-invasive arterial pressure, blood saturation and pulse values. The outcomes obtained are indicative of two pathophysiologic compensation mechanisms in patients with lung atelectasis. After pressing carotid artery branch — increased tonicity of the arteries in this lung area decreases blood flow resulting in ventilation/blood flow rate balancing that corresponds to Euler-Liljestrand mechanism. Resection of atelectized lung area leads to increased thoraco-pulmonary pressure, which has been reduced through atelectasis, that aids in higher lung tissue compliance.
Keywords: lung cancer, atelectasis, blood oxygenation.
2017, vol XXV, #1, page 48
A. N. BELIY2, N. V. KRASNOSELSKIY1, N. A. MITRYAEVA1, I. N. PONOMAREV1, A. N. NASONOVA1, V. V. KOLOMATSKAYA1, O. VL. SPLUHINA1
1 SI «Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Kharkiv
2 Kharkov National Medical University
CLINICO-MORPHOLOGICAL PARALLELS OF SECONDARY-EDEMATOUS BREAST CANCER DURING NEOADJUVANT POLYCHEMOTHERAPY
Preface. Secondary-edematous breast cancer (SEBC) occurs in 5–10 % of patients. It is a locally advanced breast cancer complicated by nodal metastasis, block of lymph flow and swelling of the breast. This nosological form is one of the most difficult in clinical practice.
Materials and methods. 30 patients with SEBC, T4b stage, aged from 40 to 68 years (median is 61) in the period from 01.2015 until 10.2016 were treated according to the standards of the Ministry of health of Ukraine, State institution «Institute for medical radiology by S. P. Grigoriev of NAMS of Ukraine».
Discussion. An objective method of evaluating of tumor regression in patients with SEBC was established.
Estimation of areas of swelling of the breast and tumor regression index in dynamics allows to assess tumor size and edema changes and to provide timely correction of treatment tactics in these patients (application for useful model №u201609890 from 26.09.2016).
Conclusions. Secondary-edematous breast cancer is a high aggressive tumor with unfavorable course, in which neoadjuvant chemotherapy is one of the most important components of treatment. Determination of the degree of aggressiveness of the tumor and use of the method of tumor index of regression in patients with secondary-edematous breast cancer allows to ensure to correct adjustment of tactics of treatment.
Keywords: secondary-edematous breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, tension index of the tumor regression.
2017, vol XXV, #1, page 53
M. V. KADZHAYA, S. S. MAKEYEV, T. G. NOVIKOVA, S. S. KOVAL
SI «A.P. Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine»
APPLICATION OF PERFUSION SPECT IN MILD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
Summary. The literature review highlights key aspects and theories of pathogenesis of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), indicates main clinical and instrumental diagnostic approaches, advanced features of basic diagnostic methods of this pathology and considers their major advantages and limitations. The review also reveals main advantages and prospects of brain perfusion SPECT in the complex diagnosis of MTBI and its complications
Keywords: MTBI, perfusion brain SPECT, 99mTc-HMPAO, 99mTc-ECD.
2017, vol XXV, #1, page 62
N. V. КRАSNОSЕLSKIY, A. N. BELIY, V. V. BUBLIK, E. N. KRUTKO, R. A. PODLESNIY, M. V. VERBITSKIY
SI «Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology of NAMS of Ukraine», Kharkiv
THE FEASIBILITY OF SIMULTANEOUS OPERATIONS PERFORMING IN PATIENTS WITH CLEAR CELL KIDNEY CANCER AND ITS METASTASES
Abstract. Successful outcome of surgical treatment of clear cell kidney cancer with simultaneous removal of metastases in the lower lobe of the right lung is presented.
Conclusion: the presented case is evidence that simultaneous removal of the primary clear cell kidney cancer tumor and its metastasis in the lung is possible to achieve good survival results.
Keywords: kidney cancer, metastases to the lungs, simultaneous operations.
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